A recent report by BloombergNEF states that global investment in the energy transition totalled $755 billion in 2021 – a new record – off the back of rising climate ambitions and policy action from countries around the world.
According to BNEF, investments rose in almost every sector covered in the report, including renewable energy, energy storage, electrified transport, electrified heat, nuclear, hydrogen and sustainable materials. Only carbon capture and storage recorded a dip in investment, though there were many new projects announced in the year.
The report points out that renewable energy remains the largest sector in investment terms, achieving a new record of $366 billion committed in 2021, up 6.5% from the year prior. Electrified transport, which includes spending on electric vehicles and associated infrastructure, was the second-largest sector with $273 billion invested.
“With electric vehicle sales surging, this sector grew at a breakneck rate of 77% in 2021 and could overtake renewable energy in dollar terms in 2022,” the document reads.
The market analyst’s data show that nuclear, energy storage, electrified transport and electrified heat accounted for the vast majority of investment at $731 billion. Hydrogen, carbon capture and storage and sustainable materials made up the rest, totalling $24 billion.
“The global commodities crunch has created new challenges for the clean energy sector, rising input costs for key technologies like solar modules, wind turbines and battery packs. Against this backdrop, a 27% increase in energy transition investment in 2021 is an encouraging sign that investors, governments and businesses are more committed than ever to the low-carbon transition, and see it as part of the solution for the current turmoil in energy markets,” Albert Cheung, head of analysis at BloombergNEF, wrote in the report.
Cheung pointed out that record amounts were invested in all three regions covered in the report: Asia Pacific, Europe, Middle East and Africa, and the Americas. APAC was both the largest region for investment at $368 billion or nearly half the global total, and the region with the highest growth at 38% in 2021. Energy transition investment in EMEA grew by 16% in 2021, reaching $236 billion, while the Americas saw investment grow by 21% to $150 billion.
“China was again the largest single country for energy transition investment, committing $266 billion in 2021,” the dossier notes. “The United States was in second place with $114 billion, though EU member states as a bloc committed more at $154 billion. Germany, the UK and France rounded out the top five countries for energy transition investment in 2021. Asia-Pacific countries now hold four of the top 10 places in terms of energy transition investment levels, with India and South Korea joining China and Japan.”
Despite the record growth toward energy transition, BNEF’s experts believe investment levels need to roughly triple, such that they average $2.1 trillion per annum between 2022-2025, in order to get on track with any of the three alternative scenarios the firm has outlined to reach global net-zero by 2050, in line with 1.75 degrees of global warming.
Once they triple, investments will need to double again to an average of $4.2 trillion between 2026 and 2030 to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement.
BNEF’s figures show that, however, at current growth rates, the electrified transport sector is the only one that has the best chance of getting on track for such investment levels.
